Samuel m



Y (No Modem :BOTTLElv No. 273,444... `124.4411444 Mam; 188s.

Wxnesses';

'UNITED STATES PATENT Trice.

SAMUEL M. BIXBY, oF New Yoan, N, Y.

BOTTLE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 273,444, dated March 6, 1883.

Application filed April 14, 1880. (No model.) Patented in England November 14, 1882, No. 5,430.

uid blacking,in the use of which a porous com-y pressible vehicle is employed, whose diameter is greater than that of the neck of the bottle, so as to express therefrom any excess of blacking when said vehicle is drawn through such neck. q

Bottles for holding liquid blacking are generally made-ot' an elongated form, provided with a neck of considerable length and of uniform interior diameter. In conjunction with such bottles, a sponge is used of greater diameter than that of the neck, for the purpose of expressing therefrom any excess of blacking when said sponge is drawn through the neck, for which purpose it is attached to a wire and the latter to the cork that closes the bottle, and serves at the same time as a handle for the sponge-carrier, and to avoid the soiling of the iingers by contact with the cork a handle has been attached thereto. v

The described form of bottle for holding liquid blacking, and the combination therewith ot' a sponge of greater diameter than the neck of suoli -bottle,for the purpose stated, embody disadvantages that are the cause of great annoyance and inconvenielce to those using the blackin g, which consist principally in the certainty of the overiiow of the liquid blacking contained in such bottles, either on withdrawing the sponge or to a still greater extent on returning it to the bottle, thereby soiling the hand that holds the bottle and the object upon which said bottle may stand or over which it is held, it being absolutelynecessary to hold the bottle both on withdrawing and returning the sponge, as a certain amount of power is required to withdraw the same and return it to the bottle when said sponge is of a greater diameter than the neck of such bottle. This overflow in the two operations of withdrawing and returning the sponge is due to the construction of the bottle, wherein the nature of the liquid (which is slightly eervescent) .as well as that of the vehicle for using the same (which is a porous and compressible substance) seemsto have been overlooked. Thus on wit-hdrawing the sponge, the moment it is compressed a portion ofthe liquid expressed there- A from rises above the sponge. As contact with the atmosphere causes it to foam and 'overflow, that portion ofthe liquid not so affected is carried out of the neck by the compressed sponge, which here acts as a piston. On returning the sponge to the'bottle, the moment it is forced into the neck it is compressed and a portion of the liquid held thereby expressed and caused to flow down the outside of the bottle, while the sponge, as soon as it is en' tirely in the neck, expels the air from the bottie, which air, under pressure, causes the remaining liquid, or a great portion thereof, to. violently foam and rise up and How over the mouth of the bottle. This foaming is so violent that it is some time before it subsides to an extent sufficient to insert the cork without forcing the foam contained in the neck over the bottle.

The object of my invention is Yto remedy these disadvantages; and the further objectis to provide a.handle for the cork that is so constructed as to be iirmly seated on the mouth ofthe bottleand form a tight or practicallytight closure at that point, and in combining therewith a cylindrical cork and the usual sponge or other analogous vehicle by means of which the blackin g is conveyed from the bottle for use; and to that end my invention consists in the construction and combination of devices constituting the holder, substantially as hereinafter described, and specifically set forth in the claims.

, In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of my invention, showing the stopper in the bottle. Fig. 2 is a similar view, showf ing the bottle as the sponge is being inserted. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the stopper, &c., detached from the bottle.

In remedying the disadvantages described I found that to avoid the overiiow of the liquid blacking on withdrawing the sponge it was absolutely necessary that means should be provided whereby the sponge may be enabled to expand suficiently, previous to reaching -the mouth of the bottle, to take up any liquid that may have been forced above the sponge by the compression o t' the latter on entering the neck of thebottle. ThisIhave accomplished by giving the neck A the shape of an inverted truncated cone, havingits narrowest point at b and gradually widening upward. It will be seen that by this construction the greatest pressure is only upon a very limited area oi' the sponge, which is girdled by the narrowest part of the neck at b. Below the point b the sponge can expand as fully as it is possible' to expand under the circumstances, and above said point it (the sponge) can slightly expand, which expansion gradually increases as said sponge is drawnupwardintheneck. Itisevident,there fore, that any blacking forced bythe compression above the point b or above the neck is immediately taken up by the expandingsponge, causing but little eii'ervescence in the liquid, and no overfiow is possible.

In the usual form of liquid-blaoking bottles the excess of the blacking above the sponge in the neck is wasted by overiiow. With my construction of bottle it is again taken up by the sponge, and as this may, under some conditions, increase the quantity of blacking held by the sponge beyond that actually needed at the time,I provide means for strippingit from the sponge without soiling the outside of the bottle. To this end I form the tapering neck from about the point c flaring outward to present a wide mouth, c', the diameter of which exceeds that of the sponge, so that when any surplus liquid is to be removed from the latter all that is necessary to do is to place the sponge in the cup c and rotate it therein, applying any required or desired degree of pressure to express the excess of liquid. The violent foaming and' overiiow ot' the liquid on returning the sponge to the bottle are avoided by making the mouth of the neck of 'greater diameter than the vehicle, and such result is assisted by forming below said neck a considerable bulge or air-chamber, B, in the bottle, as shown. As the mouth c of the bottle is of greater diameter than the sponge, no compression of the latter takes place at that point when it is returned to the bottle, and when said sponge reaches the narrowest part of the neck and is compressed the blacking expressed therefrom flows into the bottle.

To avoid the liability of a bottle of this character upsetting, I give its body A the form of a truncated cone, having a base, a, of great diameter as compared with its height, and when provided with the ilaring mouth c and tapering neck A the sponge may be returned to the bottle without holding such bottle, or without liability to upset the same.v

It has been found that it is almost impossible to handle the usual cork to which the sponge is attached without soiling the hands when using the blacking, and to avoid this handles of wood or other suitable material are connected with the cork.

To avoid the increased expense of using corks or" the sameshape as the neck and mouth of the bottle above described, and to enable me to employ a cylindrical cork in combinanation with the handle F, I form the base of the latter, below the annular projection, flaring inwardly, as shown, to conform to the outwardly-flaring mouth of the bottle, to adapt said handle to be seated thereon.

To avoid the liability of the cork and handle becoming detached from the tapering neck of the bottle, which presents but a limited seat or bearin g to a cylindrical cork when inserted, I form the line of junction b of the air-chamber with the neck A' of the bottle of a gradual curve, and employ a straight or cylindrical cork of such a length that when the handle F is seated upon the mouth of the bottle the end of the cork will project slightly beyond the narrowest part or line b of the neck, and when saturated with theblacking expands against the downwardly-widening wall of the air-chamber and is firmly held in position. The cork e and the wire C, that holds the sponge, are connected with the handle in any suitable manner.

Of course it will be understood that any other suitable porous and compressible vehicle, and means to handle said vehicle to convey the blacking from the bottle for use, may be employed. I however prefer that described-namely, the usual sponge.

I do not desire to claim broadly a bottle having a tapering body or Haring neck, or a bottle having such a body and neck and an intermediate swell; but

What I do claim is- 1. A liquid-blacking holder consisting of a bottle having a conical neck, in combination with a compressible vehicle for the blacking, of greater diameter than the least diameter of the neck and ot' less diameter than the greatest diameter of said neck, and a carrier for said vehicle, arranged for operation substantially as described, for the purposes specified.

2. A liquid-blacking holder consisting of a bottle having a conical body, a conical neck, and an enlargement or air-chamber connecting the same at their extremities of least diameter,

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in combination with a compressible vehicle for 12o the blacking, of greater diameter than the least diameter of the neck and of less diameter than the greatest diameter of said neck, and a carrier for said vehicle, arranged for operation substantially as described, for the purposes specified.

3. A liquid-blacking holder consisting of a bottle having a conical body, a conical neck provided with a seat at its mouth, and an enlargement or air-chamber connecting the neck 13o and body at ltheir extremities of least diameter, in combination with a compressible vehicle of greater diameter than the least diameter of the neck and of a less diameter than the greatest diameter of said neck, a carrier for said vehicle, a straight cork for sealing the neck at its extremity of least diameter, and a handle for said cork, provided with a seat and adapted to beseated upon the mouth of the neck, the parts being arranged for co-opera 1o Ition substantially as described, for thepurposes specified.

l SAMUEL M. BIXBY.

Witnesses:

CLARENCE TUCKER, E. R. MOFFATT. 

